Articles related to SLEEP DISORDERS

Many drugs of abuse increase orexin production in both animal and human brains. Blocking the orexin system reverses addiction in animals. Orexin levels normally cycle in a circadian rhythm, with additional activation when under stress. Opioids, cocaine, alcohol, and other substances activate the cells that produce orexin, but don’t deactivate them. They stay on constantly, producing high levels of orexin that drive the desire for another hit. Anti-orexin insomnia medications might be of benefit in treating addiction.

After completing this 3-chapter, 0.25-credit CME program, participants should be better able to assess the effectiveness and safety of current and novel therapies in improving outcomes for narcolepsy patients. They should also be able to define the methods by which patients and healthcare professionals can collaborate more effectively to define treatment goals and make decisions that will improve therapeutic outcomes.

Sleep disorders are common in persons with psychiatric disease. In most cases the disorder is related to mutations in the circadian clock regulatory gene or decreased endogenous melatonin secretion, whether primary or secondary. Melatonin administration is usually beneficial.

The study’s findings offer a novel perspective on norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors’ impact on “upper airway stability during sleep and are significant to guide future pharmacotherapy development for OSA,” according to the authors. Additionally, the findings offer individuals who are unable to tolerate modern therapies, such as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) equipment, wider alternatives when seeking therapy for OSA.

Teva Pharmaceuticals is the primary supplier of both branded and generic versions of the stimulant, which is approved to treat ADHD and narcolepsy. Teva has cited increased demand, workforce shortages, and manufacturing disruptions due to packaging constraints as reasons for the supply problems.

The American Academy of Sleep Medicine issued a health advisory on September 25, 2022, encouraging parents to seek medical advice before giving melatonin to children. Although melatonin can be useful in treating certain sleep-wake disorders like jet lag, there is much less evidence it can help healthy children or adults fall asleep faster. Symptoms of melatonin overdose can include headache, dizziness, and irritability.