In patients with R/R MDS/AML, the combination ipilimumab + decitabine (IPI + DEC) therapy shows a favorable safety profile and significant therapeutic activity that doesn’t seem to require T cell-mediated alloreactivity. Potential transplant candidates may find that IPI + DEC therapy acts as a less strenuous transition to transplant. Future research is necessary to determine logical IPI-based treatment plans that can provide persistent responses without causing significant immune damage.