In a scheme to defraud health insurance programs for nearly 10 years, Javaid Perwaiz, MD, caused nearly $21 million in losses to private and government payers for unnecessary surgeries and procedures, such as irreversible hysterectomies, improper sterilizations, and others. He was convicted on 52 counts of healthcare fraud and other charges tied to these unwarranted procedures, and previously faced a conviction for felony tax fraud in the 1990s, as well as earlier accusations of performing unnecessary hysterectomies that led to his firing from a hospital.