Annals of Internal MedicinePrimary Occurrence of Cardiovascular Events After Adding SGLT2i or GLP1RA Compared with DPP4i: A Cohort Study in Veterans with Diabetes

A retrospective cohort study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in preventing major adverse cardiac events (MACE) for individuals without preexisting cardiovascular disease. The study included US veterans aged 18 or older who were receiving care from the Veterans Health Administration. The cohort consisted of patients who added either GLP1RA, SGLT2i, or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) to their existing diabetes treatments. The outcomes measured were MACE and heart failure hospitalization. The results showed that the addition of GLP1RA was associated with a lower incidence of MACE and heart failure compared to DPP4i. However, the addition of SGLT2i did not show a significant association with primary prevention of MACE.