Articles related to Ophthalmology

A new comprehensive study brings to light the considerable cost disparities between FLACS and PCS, urging opthalmologists to reconsider their preferred surgical procedures for cataract treatment.

An experimental drug called 32-134D shows promise in preventing or slowing vision loss in individuals with diabetes, according to a study conducted by researchers at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Medicine. The study, which utilized mouse models, human retinal organoids, and eye cell lines, focused on proliferative diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema. The findings, published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, indicate that 32-134D reduced levels of a protein called HIF, which is responsible for diabetic retinal vascular disease. The drug was found to be safer than another HIF-targeting treatment under investigation. Dr. Akrit Sodhi, the author of the study, emphasizes the drug’s well-tolerated nature and its ability to effectively reduce HIF levels in diseased eyes. Elevated levels of HIF in the eyes lead to increased blood vessel production and leakage in the retina, contributing to vision loss. The researchers tested 32-134D on human retinal cell lines and observed a return to near-normal gene expression levels, halting the creation of new blood vessels and maintaining vascular integrity. The drug was also tested on mouse models, resulting in diminished HIF levels and inhibition of new blood vessel formation and leakage. Remarkably, the drug exhibited active levels in the retina […]

Unveiling fresh perspectives on dry eye disease treatment through a comprehensive study that scrutinizes tear proteomic analysis and clinical parameters. In a breakthrough study on dry eye disease (DED) treatment, researchers employed tear proteomic analysis to identify potential tear biomarkers. They combined this with a rigorous examination of clinical parameters. Data was gathered from a double-blinded, national multicenter clinical trial involving 80 DED patients. The subjects underwent treatment with either 0.1% cyclosporine, 0.05% cyclosporine, or 3% diquafosol eye drops. Observations took place at four-week intervals, lasting for 12 weeks. Key metrics observed included tear break-up time, corneal erosion, conjunctival erosion, and symptom assessment in dry eye scores. This data was then correlated with protein expressions identified through the proteomic analysis. Interestingly, the same seven proteins were identified in all treatment groups. These proteins were noted to be downregulated following treatment. At the 12-week mark, all clinical parameters demonstrated a significant improvement from the baseline. However, among the groups, no significant differences in values were recorded, except in the case of corneal erosion. The latter parameter significantly improved after treatment with both cyclosporine concentrations, as compared to the diquafosol group. However, the correlation of these proteins with the clinical parameters was […]

More sedentary time was associated with a higher risk of dry eye disease (DED), particularly for people whose physical activity (PA) levels were below WHO limits. Screen use, however, could account for the observed link and should be emphasized as a potential main confounder since there was no significant association when computer-intensive sitting time was eliminated.

The article proposes a computational model to account for the complex interaction between stimulus size, duration, and retinal cones-to-retinal ganglion cells ratio. The findings challenge the assumption of a constant critical number of retinal ganglion cells with respect to the enlargement of the critical area of summation with eccentricity in the macula, proposing instead a constant critical total retinal input. The research has implications for understanding perimetric sensitivity and modeling disease, particularly glaucoma.

The rate and scope of technology adoption in the healthcare process are hotly debated topics. These include the following in the case of refraction: