Articles related to PNEUMONIA

Early adjunctive corticosteroids in PJP management can be lifesaving for HIV-positive patients with hypoxemia, but their efficacy in HIV-negative patients warrants further investigation.

Dive deeper into the complexities of diagnosing and treating pneumonia-associated pleural effusions. What is the most appropriate test for evaluation?

In a recent single-center prospective cohort study, the effect of unsuccessful treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) on mortality rates in patients with severe pneumonia was evaluated. The study involved 585 mechanically ventilated patients with severe pneumonia and respiratory failure, including 190 with severe COVID-19, all of whom underwent at least one bronchoalveolar lavage. A novel machine learning approach, CarpeDiem, was employed to group similar ICU patient-days into clinical states based on electronic health record data. Findings indicated that the lengthy ICU stays experienced by COVID-19 patients were largely due to prolonged periods of respiratory failure. The study discovered that although VAP wasn’t a contributing factor to mortality rates overall, patients with a single episode of unsuccessfully treated VAP demonstrated a significantly higher mortality rate (76.4%) compared to those with successfully treated VAP (17.6%). Furthermore, the CarpeDiem model highlighted that unresolved VAP was linked with transitions to clinical states associated with increased mortality. The study underscores that unsuccessful treatment of VAP is correlated with higher mortality and that patients with COVID-19 are at an elevated risk of VAP due to prolonged respiratory failure.

The outbreak of blastomycosis was first noted in early March when several individuals from the plant were diagnosed with atypical pneumonias. The mill was idled for several weeks to be disinfected, but the source of the infection was never located.

Chest CT in this young woman with a history of smoking and chronic hypoxemia of unknown cause shows diffuse ground-glass opacities and some areas of peripheral consolidation with no basilar reticulations or honeycombing. Biopsy showed extensive alveolar filling with pigment-laden macrophages. What’s your diagnosis?