WebMDWhat Is Bladder Cancer?

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Bladder cancer, accounting for 5% of new cancer cases in the US, primarily affects white men over 55. The disease develops when bladder cells become abnormal and multiply uncontrollably, potentially spreading to lymph nodes and distant organs including bones, lungs, and liver. Understanding risk factors and prevention strategies is crucial for effective patient management and outcomes.

Key Points:

• Smoking represents the most significant modifiable risk factor, causing approximately 50% of bladder cancer cases through exposure to harmful chemicals from tobacco smoke
• Primary risk factors include genetic predisposition, chronic bladder inflammation, occupational chemical exposure (affecting painters, machinists, printers, hairdressers, truck drivers), certain diabetes medications (particularly pioglitazone), and prior pelvic radiation or cyclophosphamide treatment
• Prevention strategies focus on three key interventions: smoking cessation, increased fluid intake to flush harmful chemicals, and higher consumption of fruits and green leafy vegetables
• Workplace chemical exposure, particularly to arsenic and aniline, requires strict adherence to safety protocols and regular risk assessment
• The 5-year survival rate stands at approximately 77%, with outcomes varying based on age, overall health status, early detection, and treatment response

HCN Medical Memo
Early identification of risk factors, particularly smoking and occupational exposure, combined with preventive strategies and regular screening in high-risk populations, remains crucial for improving bladder cancer outcomes.

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