The New England Journal of MedicineAxicabtagene Ciloleucel as Second-Line Therapy for Large B-Cell Lymphoma

In this international, phase 3 trial, patients with large B-cell lymphoma who were refractory to or had relapsed no more than 12 months after first-line chemoimmunotherapy were randomly assigned to receive axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel, an autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy) or standard care in a 1:1 ratio. Axi-cel therapy resulted in significant improvements in event-free survival and response when compared to standard care, with the expected level of high-grade toxic effects.