Articles related to Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism

In this target trial emulation involving nearly 44,000 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), similar declines in kidney function at 5 and 10 years were seen in patients managed with parathyroidectomy and in those managed nonoperatively. Thus, in this study, parathyroidectomy had no effect on long-term kidney function in older adults with PHPT.

Women who are overweight have an increased risk of developing breast cancer. It is unknown whether prior obesity still carries a higher baseline risk of breast cancer in women who have shed a significant amount of weight as compared to peers without obesity. Researchers assembled a retrospective matched cohort study of 69,260 women who were followed up for 5 years after bariatric surgery or the index date (1/1/2010 – 12/31/2016) to see whether there is a residual risk of breast cancer among patients who undergo bariatric surgery due to prior obesity. According to the findings, bariatric surgery was linked to a lower risk of breast cancer in women with prior obesity that was equivalent to a woman with a BMI under 25, as well as a lower risk when compared to all groups with a BMI of 25 or higher.

In this study published in the Journal of Restorative Dentistry, in both the diabetic and non-diabetic groups, there was no statistically significant difference in the overall pain felt by patients after a single visit and after two visits. Further research on a larger sample size is necessary to definitively determine if diabetes can serve as a disease modifier and alter postoperative pain in irreversible pulpitis following a single-visit RCT in managed T2 diabetics.

Per the Standards, “diabetes management in older adults requires regular assessment of medical, psychological, functional, and social domains. Older adults with diabetes have higher rates of premature death, functional disability, accelerated muscle loss, and coexisting illnesses … and … are also at greater risk for several common geriatric syndromes, such as polypharmacy, cognitive impairment, depression, urinary incontinence, injurious falls, persistent pain, and frailty. All these can impair their self-management.”

In a study including 73 meta-analyses and 8,601 unique articles, sugar consumption was associated with 18 endocrine/metabolic outcomes, 10 cardiovascular outcomes, seven cancer outcomes, and 10 other outcomes. Endocrine/metabolic outcomes included weight gain, ectopic fat accumulation, obesity, and cardiovascular disease, which were largely attributed to excessive consumption of fructose containing sugars.

In this meta analysis of 40 eligible trials involving 35,548 participants and seven diet programs, only the Mediterranean and low-fat diet showed effectiveness in in lowering all cause and CV mortality. Notably, their preventive value increased with increasing CV risk. Diets (with number of studies) included in the meta-analysis: