Articles related to STEM CELLS

In patients with R/R MDS/AML, the combination ipilimumab + decitabine (IPI + DEC) therapy shows a favorable safety profile and significant therapeutic activity that doesn’t seem to require T cell-mediated alloreactivity. Potential transplant candidates may find that IPI + DEC therapy acts as a less strenuous transition to transplant. Future research is necessary to determine logical IPI-based treatment plans that can provide persistent responses without causing significant immune damage.

Especially after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), infections are a major factor in morbidity and mortality. Neutropenic diets have long been advised to prevent these infections despite the scant evidence. The results of a recent research evaluating this notion show no discernible difference between a nonrestrictive diet and infection rates, feeding outcomes, and the incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease.

Patients with previously untreated mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) have relied on autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) for more than 20 years; the current standard of care entails high-dose cytarabine-containing chemoimmunotherapy, ASCT, and rituximab maintenance. A recent clinical trial’s findings, which revealed that FFS was superior to ASCT when ibrutinib medication was added, may change this.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with Philadelphia chromosome positivity (Ph+) has a poor prognosis historically, so allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is advised after the first complete remission (CR1). The rapid achievement of a complete molecular remission (CMR), however, is associated with excellent outcomes without allo-HCT in the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) era, indicating transplant may not be necessary for these patients. To test this theory, the authors of this journal-based CME program looked into 5 transplant centers in the US to find adult Ph+ ALL patients who received induction therapy, such as TKIs, and received CMR within 90 days of diagnosis. They then compared the outcomes of people who received allo-HCT in the first remission versus those who did not.

Even with superior frontline therapy using A+CHP, this exploratory study suggests that consolidative SCT should be considered in CD30+ peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) patients. More large-scale studies are needed, especially in DUSP22-rearranged and low International Prognostic Index ALK ALCL, to determine whether there are favorable subgroups that could be treated with A+CHP alone.

Over a 4-year period, 500 patients were distributed equally between the two regimens. Two-year OS, relapse rates, and non-relapse mortality were similar between the two regiments, indicating that the busulfan regimen is non-inferior to the traditional TBI regimen.