Articles related to TYPE 2 DIABETES

Explore four decades of research illustrating the biphasic growth patterns in fetuses of diabetic and obese women, an essential yet overlooked factor in preventing childhood obesity. The comprehensive findings may redefine your approach to perinatal care and shape healthier futures for your patients.

Investigating how an insulin bolus affects the management of diabetic ketoacidosis reveals startling new information. In the diabetes field, experts widely use insulin as a core treatment for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). However, the debate over the best dosage and method of administration, specifically concerning the use of an initial insulin bolus, continues. This study evaluates the safety and effectiveness of this insulin bolus in DKA treatment. Employing a retrospective chart review, researchers examined patient outcomes for DKA treatment with and without an insulin bolus. They included 59 patients in the bolus group, and 108 in the non-bolus group. The study primarily tracked whether the administration of insulin had to be interrupted, or if patients experienced hypoglycemia or hypokalemia within eight hours of starting insulin. Comparing baseline characteristics, the groups showed no significant differences. Most patients exhibited mild DKA. Results revealed that adverse effects—particularly hypokalemia—occurred significantly more often in the bolus group (45.8% versus 25%, P = .003). Additionally, while time to anion gap closure was shorter in the bolus group, this did not reach statistical significance (6:39 versus 9:00, P = .063). Similarly, non-significant differences emerged in time to discontinuation of insulin infusion and time to ICU and hospital discharge. […]

Let’s delve into the groundbreaking application of endoscopic electroporation and semaglutide that’s changing the game in diabetes management. First off, the EMINENT study is unveiling a revolutionary approach in treating type 2 diabetes. This method combines endoscopic electroporation, known as ReCET, with the medication semaglutide. The main goal is to reduce or potentially eliminate the need for insulin, revolutionizing glycemic control. The innovative ReCET procedure employs electroporation to ablate the superficial layer of mucosa in the small intestine. Researchers hope that by rejuvenating the duodenal lining and employing a GLP-1 receptor agonist, they could address insulin resistance, the fundamental problem in type 2 diabetes. Interestingly, ReCET doesn’t use extreme temperatures to ablate intestinal tissue. Rather, it uses a pulsed electric field, yielding precise control and limited depth of penetration. This method disrupts the cellular membrane of the mucosa and superficial submucosa, triggering natural cell death within a day, thereby significantly minimizing the risk of complications. A single-arm pilot study conducted as part of EMINENT involved 14 patients with type 2 diabetes using long-acting basal insulin. All patients underwent the ReCET procedure and started on semaglutide two weeks later. Researchers noted the feasibility and safety of ReCET, with a 100% success […]

A retrospective cohort study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in preventing major adverse cardiac events (MACE) for individuals without preexisting cardiovascular disease. The study included US veterans aged 18 or older who were receiving care from the Veterans Health Administration. The cohort consisted of patients who added either GLP1RA, SGLT2i, or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) to their existing diabetes treatments. The outcomes measured were MACE and heart failure hospitalization. The results showed that the addition of GLP1RA was associated with a lower incidence of MACE and heart failure compared to DPP4i. However, the addition of SGLT2i did not show a significant association with primary prevention of MACE.

According to census data, there are 49.2 million older persons in the United States, with 21 million (42.6%) earning less than 200% of the federal poverty threshold. With the majority of older persons having their natural dentition, there will be an increased demand for oral health (OH) treatments among this demographic. Although the causative links between oral and systemic diseases are still developing and not entirely established, there is undeniably a bidirectional relationship between OH, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes in older persons.

Given at a higher dose than for DM2, a weekly semaglutide injection sustainably reduced weight by an average of 15% together with diet. What are the precautions? And what else is on the horizon in the class?