Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is associated with increased risk for fractures, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and cancer, along with increased mortality. In mild PHPT with modest hypercalcemia and without known morbidities, parathyroidectomy is debated because no long-term randomized trials have been performed related to it.

Drinking beer and spirits is linked to elevated levels of visceral fat, which is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and other health complications. Moderate wine consumption shows no such association with levels of this harmful fat and may even protect against it.

Hyperglycemia is associated with poor clinical outcomes in critically ill patients. Most medical societies recommend less stringent glucose control, in the range of 140 to 180 mg/dL, for critically ill patients. In this population, although glucose management is essential, hypoglycemia is associated with increased mortality. Enhancing the amount of time glucose levels are in the target range and minimizing glycemic variability have been associated with improved outcomes in critically ill patients.

In a study of parenteral cancer drug pricing at 61 NCI-designated cancer centers, median price markups on 25 commonly used drugs ranged from approximately 120% to 630% over acquisition cost. The paper’s authors recommend public policy prohibiting excessive markup on parenteral chemotherapies as a means to reduce unnecessary financial burden on patients.

“For patients with T1cN1-2 or T2-4N0 (stage II or III), early-stage TNBC, the Panel recommends use of pembrolizumab (200 mg once every 3 weeks or 400 mg once every 6 weeks) in combination with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, followed by adjuvant pembrolizumab after surgery.”

An FDA expert panel voted 16-0, with one abstention, recommending that future FDA approvals of PI3K inhibitors be supported by randomized data. The four currently-approved PI3K inhibitors for treating hematologic malignancies received FDA approval based on single-arm data. Although these drugs have offered durable ORR and improvements in PFS, randomized data presented at the hearing showed they are associated with higher rates of serious adverse events, including fatality.