Articles related to NEOADJUVANT TREATMENT

The 18-month OS rates in this trial were: 66.7% for neoadjuvant mFOLFIRINOX 47.3% for neoadjuvant mFOLFIRINOX and hypofractionated radiotherapy 87.5% for mFOLFIRINOX followed by pancreatectomy 78.9% for mFOLFIRINOX plus radiotherapy followed by pancreatectomy The authors state these results “suggest that mFOLFIRINOX represents a reference neoadjuvant treatment regimen for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer; however, the role of radiotherapy in this setting remains undefined.”

The study was comprised of 17,913 men with a median age of 64 years with pT2-4N1M0 prostate cancer (PC) consecutively treated between 1995 and 2017, with postradical prostatectomy (RP) and pelvic lymph node (LN) assessment. The patients were then followed for possible treatment with adjuvant radiation therapy (aRT) or early salvage radiation therapy (sRT). It was determined that men with pN1 PC and 4 or more as compared with 1-3 positive pelvic LNs appear to benefit the most from the use of aRT.

This six-chapter video series covers patient selection for neoadjuvant systemic treatment, adjuvant systemic treatment, neoadjuvant systemic treatment, post-neoadjuvant adjuvant treatment, survivorship and surveillance, and future directions.

The authors investigated the effect of adding radiotherapy to neoadjuvant chemotherapy on survival in patients with Stage III-N2 non-small cell lung cancer. Analysis included 1,175 patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2015; 799 (68.0%) underwent neoadjuvant CRT and 376 (32.0%) underwent neoadjuvant CT. Adding radiotherapy to chemotherapy showed a slightly higher median OS than chemotherapy alone (51 vs. 47 months, respectively), and a higher median CSS (75 vs. 59 months, respectively). However, these differences were not statistically significant.

Three-hundred-twenty-four (324) patients with stage II or III rectal adenocarcinoma were treated with induction chemotherapy followed by chemoradiotherapy (INCT-CRT) or chemoradiotherapy followed by consolidation chemotherapy (CRT-CNCT). Patients then underwent total mesorectal excision (TME) or were assigned to a watch-and-wait status on the basis of tumor response. Three-year TME-free survival was 41% in the INCT-CRT group and 53% in the CRT-CNCT group. Organ preservation is achievable in half of the patients with rectal cancer treated with total neoadjuvant therapy, without an apparent detriment in survival.

In this trial of nivolumab + chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy alone, nivolumab prolonged EFS by nearly 11 months and improved the pathologic complete response rate more than tenfold. There was also a trend toward improved OS with nivolumab. The study also reported an EFS improvement with nivolumab in both squamous and non-squamous NSCLC. Grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 34% of patients in the nivolumab arm and 37% of those in the chemotherapy-alone arm.