Articles related to VITAMINS/SUPPLEMENTS

A 25-year-old man with approximately three years of daily high-volume energy drink consumption developed mixed-pattern liver injury with cholestatic histology. Exposure cessation coincided with substantial biochemical improvement, although causality remained uncertain and alternative explanations were not fully excluded.

Among adults with both sleep disturbances and mild cognitive impairment, self-reported vitamin D supplementation of at least 5,000 IU daily was associated with higher cognitive assessment scores in a small observational study, while lower doses showed no similar association.

Systemic nicotinamide exposure was associated with a lower risk of conversion from ocular hypertension to primary open-angle glaucoma in a large real-world cohort. Patients receiving nicotinamide also had lower rates of topical therapy initiation and laser trabeculoplasty, although the study did not establish causality.

Prenatal fish oil supplementation was associated with small differences in cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism at age 10. Cognitive and psychopathology outcomes showed no significant association.

A network meta-analysis found that long-term vitamin D supplementation added to standard multiple sclerosis therapy was associated with reduced relapse risk and improved disability outcomes.

Creatine supplementation showed mixed effects on depressive symptoms across five randomized trials involving patients with mood disorders. The early findings suggest potential adjunctive benefit in some populations but do not establish a consistent treatment effect.