Part 1—Pain Management Fundamentals Following completion of this activity (1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™, 1.0 AANP credit, 1.0 ACPE credit, 1.0 ANCC credit), the participant should be able to: Explain the importance of comprehensive pain education Outline the fundamental concepts of pain management, such as pain definitions and pain mechanisms. Examine patients who are in pain, including identifying risk factors for substance abuse and addiction. Discuss the various pain-management approaches, including nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic (non-opioid and opioid analgesic) therapies.

According to new information revealed in a study of the AHA’s COVID-19 Cardiovascular Disease Registry, new onset AFib occurs in 5% of patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Patients who developed new-onset AFib experienced longer hospital stays and approximately 45% died during their hospitalization. Atrial fibrillation can directly increase the risk of stroke and prolong hospitalization. It is also an indirect marker of the insult that the heart is experiencing when patients are infected with COVID-19.

The oral suspension formulation was developed for patients who have difficulty swallowing the tablet form of the PDE5 inhibitor.

In this commentary, the editor-in-chief of CCJM considers what is known, and what is still mystery about how the heart and kidneys are modified during chronic heart failure, and discusses how much of our therapy remains empiric and experience-based.

Up to this point, individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and a normal BMI have often been overlooked. It was assumed their normal BMI equated to a lower risk of more serious conditions than those who are overweight or obese. These findings indicate that lean patients with NAFLD are 50% more likely to have a CVA compared with overweight patients, and 10 to 30% more likely to experience CVD.

In an effort to reduce the load on overburdened healthcare staff around the world, WHO has unveiled version 2 of its AI “chatbot.” Originally designed to combat COVID disinformation, the system now covers COVID-19 vaccines and treatments, and can give advice on mental health, tips to de-stress, guidance on how to eat healthily and be more active, and how to quit tobacco and e-cigarettes. The chatbot can currently converse in English, with Arabic, French, Spanish, Chinese, Hindi, and Russian to follow.