Articles related to TESTING/LABS

Enhancing Platelet Dysfunction Diagnosis with Platelet Function Screen The Platelet Function Screen (PFA-100®) is a critical in vitro system for detecting platelet dysfunction. It uses citrated whole blood samples under high shear flow conditions, demonstrating its sensitivity. As blood is aspirated through collagen-coated membranes, platelet adhesion forms an initial matrix. Adding to the mix, platelet aggregation is stimulated by either epinephrine (COL/EPI) or adenosine diphosphate (COL/ADP), coating the membranes. In this process, the time required to form a platelet plug that blocks the aperture, known as closure time (CT), is the key measure of platelet function. Interestingly, several conditions can cause prolonged CT, including drug effects, low hematocrit, thrombocytopenia, von Willebrand Disease (vWD), and platelet disorders. Notably, aspirin therapy impacts the COL/EPI closure time more than COL/ADP. While assessing results, hematological considerations are pivotal, particularly with anemia and thrombocytopenia that could extend CT. Platelet counts below 150,000/uL or hematocrit below 35% could interfere with the results, thus, the test might not serve patients with counts below 100,000/uL or hematocrit under 30%. Moreover, hematocrit over 50% could generate inconsistent outcomes. Fundamentally, normal CT with both COL/EPI and COL/ADP signifies healthy platelet function. The COL/EPI membrane, while sensitive to primary hemostasis disorders, […]

A blood test focusing on a set of eight autoantibody markers was 97% effective in detecting the presence of Alzheimer’s disease-related pathology up to 10 years before onset of clinical symptoms. According to the investigators, “this is the first blood test to accurately detect Alzheimer’s-related pathology several years before either clinical symptoms or more expensive and invasive tests can identify the disease.”

Originally published in JAMA Psychiatry, a broad-based study shows nearly 7% of OUD patients are adding buprenorphine to urine sample to fake treatment adherence. Buprenorphine spiking suggests to the physician that the treatment plan is not working—especially in patients continuing illicit drug use.

The rate and scope of technology adoption in the healthcare process are hotly debated topics. These include the following in the case of refraction:

The article reports that a new blood test, called the EasyM protocol, has been certified by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in detecting multiple myeloma relapse. The test works by detecting small amounts of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in the blood, which can indicate the presence of residual disease. The EasyM protocol is reportedly more sensitive than existing tests for detecting ctDNA, and can provide results in just a few hours. The article notes that the test has the potential to improve patient outcomes by allowing for earlier detection of relapse and more personalized treatment options.

The Abbott Alinity I TBI test is a laboratory-based test that measures ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) and glial fibrillary acidic protein, two biomarkers in the blood that have been linked to brain injury when present in high concentrations. The test has a sensitivity of 96.7% and a negative predictive value of 99.4%. The availability of a blood test provides clinicians with an objective method to quickly evaluate patients with mTBIs while eliminating the need for a head CT scan, potentially reducing health care costs and minimizing emergency department wait times.