Articles related to BRAIN HEALTH

Among 46 children initially at healthy weight, greater ultraprocessed food intake was associated with stronger dorsal striatal responses to appetizing food cues, which were also associated with increased adiposity measures 1 year later.

Women with bulimia nervosa demonstrated smaller total cortical surface area and reduced nucleus accumbens volume compared with healthy controls in a large international neuroimaging study, with more frequent binge-eating episodes associated with additional structural differences across brain regions involved in reward, cognitive control, and interoception.

Magnetoencephalography-based analysis of 263 patients with major depressive disorder identified five distinct brain connectivity profiles, each associated with differing symptom patterns, supporting the view that depression may encompass biologically heterogeneous subgroups rather than a single neurobiological condition.

Among 29 CPAP-adherent men with severe obstructive sleep apnea, residual objective sleepiness was associated with white-matter diffusion differences, although the cross-sectional findings do not establish causality or support routine imaging.

A systematic review of 30 longitudinal MRI studies found that CPAP therapy in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may be associated with structural, functional, vascular, and metabolic brain changes. However, the evidence remains heterogeneous, largely exploratory, and insufficient to support routine MRI monitoring of treatment response.

In a propensity-matched analysis of more than 66,000 adults with hypertension, blood-brain barrier (BBB)-crossing antihypertensives were associated with a 16% lower dementia risk than BBB-non-crossing agents. The observational design prevents causal conclusions but adds to growing interest in whether some antihypertensives may influence cognitive outcomes beyond blood pressure control.