Articles related to SOLID TUMORS

This study presents findings from a Phase I clinical trial examining the use of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) combined with pembrolizumab (P) in treating advanced solid tumors, with a focus on the safety and effectiveness of partial tumor irradiation. The trial involved 97 patients, 47% of whom received at least one partial radiation treatment. The overall one-year local failure (LF) rate was 7.6%, and the results suggest an association between tumor response to SBRT+P and improved overall survival (OS), particularly for irradiated tumors. The trial also explored the role of biomarkers, finding that a high Radiomics Score (RS), based largely on CD8+ T cell levels, was linked to better LF, progression-free survival (PFS), and OS. Conversely, increased levels of circulating cytokine IL-8 were associated with worse PFS and OS. The study concluded that SBRT+P is safe for patients with large, advanced solid tumors and recommended further research to compare the effectiveness of complete versus partial tumor irradiation in the context of immunotherapy.

The first version of the test, launched in November 2022, assesses chromosomal copy number changes in blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and the aqueous humor of the eye to aid in the clinical diagnosis of patients with solid tumors, brain tumors, and retinoblastoma, respectively. The next version of the clinical assay, which will be available in about six months, will detect mutations and gene fusions.

Based on prior studies in patients with melanoma and lung cancer as well as overall response and duration of response rates in open-label, multiple cohort trials involving 131 adults and 36 children, the combination was approved for the new indication (treatment of unresectable or metastatic solid tumors with a BRAF V600E mutation in patients ≥6 years old who have progressed following prior treatment and have no satisfactory alternative treatment options). Adults with BRAF V600E mutation-positive solid tumors, such as low-grade glioma (LGG), anaplastic thyroid cancer, biliary tract cancer, small intestine cancer, and high-grade glioma (HGG), were enrolled in the new trials, along with 36 children with BRAF V600 refractory or recurrent LGG or HGG. The overall response rate (ORR) served as the trial’s main measure of success, and out of the 131 adults who participated, 54 (41%) had an objective reaction. Among the most prevalent tumor types in the clinical trials, the ORR for biliary tract cancer was 46%, HGG was 33%, and LGG was 50%. Children’s ORR was 25%.

HER2-Directed ADCs in Gastric Cancer Several antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have recently received approval for use in treating a range of solid cancers. This poses difficulties when handling a variety of adverse treatment-related events, some of which can take practitioners into uncharted area. After viewing this CME activity, medical oncologists, pulmonologists, urologists, pathologists, oncology NPs, PAs, oncology nurses, oncology pharmacists, and other HCPs caring for patients with solid tumors should be able to describe the elements of an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) that may cause adverse events (AEs), identify AEs that result in treatment interruption or discontinuation, and suggest a strategy for managing the key AEs.

Primary Toxic Effect Results of the Nonrandomized Phase 2 SABR-5 Clinical Trial The rates of grades 2, 3, 4, and 5 toxic effects were 14.2%, 4.2%, 0%, and 0.3%, respectively, in this population-based phase 2 nonrandomized clinical trial of 381 patients with oligometastatic or oligoprogressive disease that was designed to capture toxic effects prospectively as the primary end point.

Physicians commonly encounter patients with facial pigmented macules. In this patient, the diagnosis was Carney complex.