Articles related to BIOMARKERS

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-refractory cancers are arguably one of the greatest unmet needs in oncology. In this randomized phase II substudy, patients ineligible for a biomarker-matched previously treated with ICI and platinum-based chemotherapy and progressive disease at least 84 days after initiation of ICI were randomly assigned to receive ramucirumab plus pembrolizumab (RP) or investigator’s choice standard of care (SOC: docetaxel/ramucirumab, docetaxel, gemcitabine, and pemetrexed). The study’s primary objective was to compare overall survival (OS). The median OS was 14.5 months for RP and 11.6 months for SOC. Docetaxel and ramucirumab were the most common SOC, received by 2/3 of patients. This randomized phase II trial demonstrated significantly improved OS with RP compared with SOC in patients with advanced NSCLC previously treated with ICI and chemotherapy.

This one-credit activity features an expert panel providing their perspectives on the latest trends and emerging research regarding biomarker testing and evidence-based biomarker-guided targeted therapy for patients with NSCLC with ROS1 and ALK rearrangements.

The authors summarize the results of the major studies of ICB monotherapy and combinations; review novel combinations under investigation, including ICB with cellular therapies; and discuss potential candidate biomarkers for improving the selection of patients who may respond to ICB.

The KRASG12C mutation was more prevalent in females and older patients and appeared to be associated with smoking status. KRASG12C tumors exhibited a distinct co-mutation profile and were associated with tumor mutational burden-high status.

A literature review involving 24 recent studies yielded an update to ASCO’s recommendations on appropriate use of breast cancer biomarker assay results to guide adjuvant endocrine and chemotherapy decisions in early-stage breast cancer.

The lipid metabolism plays an important role in the development of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. However, little has been known about the molecular relationships. But now, a set of lipids have been statistically associated with cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.