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Women with both gestational diabetes history and type 2 diabetes progression demonstrated 2.6-fold stroke risk elevation, while gestational diabetes alone carried no significant risk increase.

Clozapine did not show superior efficacy compared to second-generation antipsychotics in treatment-resistant schizophrenia.

Among adults using prescription stimulants, amphetamine users showed threefold higher misuse prevalence and doubled prescription stimulant use disorder rates compared to methylphenidate users, indicating significant differential abuse liability between medication classes.

Gender-affirming surgery, while beneficial in affirming gender identity, is associated with increased risk of mental health issues, underscoring the need for ongoing, gender-sensitive mental health support for transgender individuals’ post-surgery.