Articles related to EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE

The revised McDonald criteria recognize the cerebrospinal fluid κFLC index as an alternative to oligoclonal bands for demonstrating intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis, expanding laboratory options while preserving the need for integrated MS diagnosis.

A comprehensive prescribing guide argues that orally administered racemic ketamine may offer a low-cost, accessible option for severe, suicidal, or treatment-resistant depression, while emphasizing structured protocols, monitoring, informed consent, and careful patient selection.

An editorial in Obesity highlights emerging evidence that GLP-1 receptor agonists may provide benefits beyond weight loss and glycemic control, while emphasizing unresolved questions regarding muscle preservation, nutritional status, and potential effects on substance use disorders.

Reevaluation of major hormone therapy studies has prompted renewed discussion about menopause treatment in breast cancer survivors. Emerging interpretation of older trial data suggests treatment risks may vary by patient characteristics and hormone formulation rather than applying uniformly across all populations.

The Department of Defense announced annual testosterone-deficiency screening for service members aged 30 years and older, with optional testing for younger personnel. Clinicians have questioned whether broad population screening aligns with established diagnostic recommendations for hypogonadism.

Primary trabeculectomy reduced the rate of visual field loss by approximately 50% compared with a medications-first approach in newly diagnosed advanced open-angle glaucoma patients across a 5-year randomized trial, though standard quality-of-life instruments failed to detect that clinical benefit.