Articles related to Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism

Higher circulating xylitol levels were associated with increased rates of major adverse cardiovascular events in two large population cohorts, although the observational findings do not establish that xylitol directly causes cardiovascular harm.

Targeted vitamin D supplementation successfully addressed widespread vitamin D insufficiency among post-myocardial infarction patients but did not significantly reduce major adverse cardiovascular events during more than four years of follow-up.

Adding coronary artery calcium scoring to PREVENT-ASCVD risk equations produced only modest improvements in 10-year ASCVD risk prediction among adults aged 45 to 79 years, with the greatest potential value observed in patients with borderline or intermediate estimated risk.

Daily consumption of 100% orange juice altered expression of genes involved in vascular and cardiovascular pathways in men with elevated waist circumference, although the six-week study did not demonstrate corresponding improvements in blood pressure or vascular function.

Semaglutide use was associated with lower psychiatric hospitalization and bipolar-relapse hospitalization risks among Swedish adults with bipolar disorder receiving antidiabetic medication, although the observational findings did not establish a therapeutic effect.

An editorial in Obesity highlights emerging evidence that GLP-1 receptor agonists may provide benefits beyond weight loss and glycemic control, while emphasizing unresolved questions regarding muscle preservation, nutritional status, and potential effects on substance use disorders.